ABSTRACT
Background: Chronic groin pain (inguinodynia) following inguinal hernia repair is a significant, though under-reported problem. Mild pain lasting for a few days is common following mesh inguinal hernia repair. However, moderate to severe pain persisting more than 3 months after inguinal herniorrhaphy should be considered as pathological. The main aim of this study was to assess the incidence of inguinodynia in inguinal hernia repair patients at a tertiary centre.Methods: This non-randomized retrospective study was undertaken in the department of general surgery, SMIMER Hospital, Surat, Gujarat, India from August 2016 to July 2019. Total 940 patients were operated for inguinal hernia repair during this period. Out of these 940 patients, only 460 patients could be traced for clinical evaluation as Surat is an industrial city with very high percentage of migrant population and so only, they were included in the study.Results: In this study, total 460 patients were included, in which 310 patients were operated for open inguinal hernia repair and 150 patients were operated for laparoscopic hernia repair. Total 102 (22.17%) patients has developed inguinodynia out of 460 patients evaluated in this series. Incidence of inguinodynia is more in open inguinal hernia repair than laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair i.e., 24.83% versus 16.67%. Incidence of testicular complication in inguinodynia patients is more in open inguinal hernia repair and non in laparoscopic repair.Conclusions: Authors conclude that overall incidence of inguinodynia is 22.17% and incidence of inguinodynia is higher in open hernia repair in comparison to laparoscopic hernia repair (24.83% versus 16.67%). The incidence of mild inguinodynia is approximately eight times more common than severe inguinodynia.
ABSTRACT
Background: Mesh hernioplasty in patients undergoing emergency inguinal hernia repair is considered practically, irrespective of complications. The main aim of this study was to assess the morbidity of Lichtenstein mesh hernioplasty in treating obstructed inguinal hernias. Primary outcome measures were post-operative wound site infection, seroma formation, length of hospital stay, hanging testis, testicular infarct, inguinodynia and recurrence.Methods: This study was undertaken in the department of General Surgery, SMIMER, Surat, Gujarat, India from August 2016 to July 2019. Fifteen patients were operated and included in the study. All patients underwent standard Lichtenstein mesh hernioplasty for obstracted inguinal hernia repair in emergency operating room.Results: 5 patients (33%) developed wound site infection, 4 patients (27%) developed inguinodynia, 2 patient (13%) developed seroma formation, 1 patient (6%) developed hanging testis. 1 patient (6%) developed testicular infarct. Average postoperative hospital stay was 5.6 days (range =2-18 days).Conclusions: Mesh repairs can be safely performed in emergency inguinal hernia repair with acceptable morbidity.
ABSTRACT
Background: Carcinoma of the cervix is the second most common cancer in women worldwide, while it is the commonest cancer among Indian women. Awareness regarding cervical cancer and its prevention is quite low amongst Indian women. The Pap test is a simple and cost effective technique for early diagnosis of cervical cancer. Objectives: 1) To assess knowledge level regarding symptoms, risk factors, and preventive measures for cervical carcinoma among nursing staff; 2) To find out the attitude and practice of respondents regarding preventive measures of cervical carcinoma; 3) To identify the socio demographic determinants affecting the level of knowledge among participants. Methodology: A Hospital-based survey regarding knowledge levels about cervical carcinoma was conducted among the nursing staff from one of the tertiary health institutes in Ahmadabad, India. A structured questionnaire with multiple choices was used for data collection. Provision for open-ended responses was also made in the questionnaire. Department-wise stratification was carried out, and thereafter 25% of the total nursing staff from all departments was selected randomly to include a total of 100 nurses in the current study. Data entry was done in Microsoft Excel. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 20.0.Armonk, NY: IBM Corp. statistical software was used to generate statistical parameters like proportion, mean standard deviation, etc. The CHI- SQUARE test was used as a test of significance considering P value of <0.05 as the level of significance. Result: Out of all respondents, 88 respondents were aware about CA cervix. Only 5% of them have good and 39% have average knowledge about the sign and symptoms, risk factors and preventive measures of CA Cervix. Major source of information to respondents were educational textbooks and doctors. Only 1 out of 88 women have undergone Pap smear test and no one has taken HPV vaccination. Conclusion & recommendations: Majority of the participants had poor knowledge about CA cervix. There is no association between marital status and age of the participants to the level of knowledge among participants regarding CA Cervix. Educational programmes for nursing staff can help to improve the knowledge regarding CA Cervix and practicing preventive measures.
ABSTRACT
Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the profile of the subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to obtain a clear picture from Western India, that would help in management of diabetes. Methods: An observational study was conducted with newly diagnosed 622 type 2 diabetic subjects attending Dept. of Diabetology, All India Institute of Diabetes and Research and Yash Diabetes Specialties Centre (Swasthya), Ahmedabad during the period from August 2006 to January 31, 2009. Subjects completed an interviewer-administered comprehensive questionnaire, which included variables such as sociodemographic presenting symptoms, risk profile (hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia and glycemic status), family history of diabetes, physical activity and behavioral profile. Blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) and fasting lipid profile were measured. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were carried out using SPSS version 11.5. Results: A total of 622 T2DM cases with mean age (years) 47.7 ± 10.9 were studied. Of these, 384 (62%) were male. The majority of T2DM subjects were obese (68%) and 67% had positive family history of diabetes. Renal dysfunctions and vision impairment were found in 10% (62/622) and 9% (57/622), respectively in T2DM subjects. The mean HbA1C level was 9.02% ± 1.67 and good glycemic control (HbA1C level <7%) was achieved only in 7.4% T2DM subjects. The Chi-square (χ2) analysis showed that higher BMI (≥25 kg/m2) is significantly associated with hypertension among T2DM subjects (p < 0.01). There were statistically significant differences between male and female study subjects with respect to mean age, BMI, waist and hip circumference and mean low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The present study revealed that obesity, family history of diabetes, dyslipidemia, uncontrolled glycemic status, sedentary lifestyles and hypertension were more prevalent in T2DM subjects. Hence, the overall risk profile was very poor and needs improvement. The characterization of this risk profile will contribute in defining more effective and specific strategies for screening and controlling T2DM in Western India.
ABSTRACT
This cross-sectional study assessed the current situation of and factors associated with consumption of diabetic diet among 399 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) subjects from Ahmedabad, Western India. The study was performed with diagnosed (at least one year old) diabetic subjects who attended the Department of Diabetology, All India Institute of Diabetes and Research and Yash Diabetes Specialties Centre (Swasthya Hospital), Ahmedabad during July 2010–November 2010. The subjects completed an interviewer- administered questionnaire. The questionnaire included variables, such as sociodemographic factors, family history of diabetes, behavioural profile, risk profile (glycaemic status, hypertension, and obesity), and diet-related history (consumption of diabetic diet, consumption of low fat/skimmed milk, method of cooking, and sources for diet advice). Blood pressure, body mass index, glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) level, and fasting lipid profile were measured. All analyses including multivariate logistic regression were conducted using SPSS, version 11.5. In total, 399 T2DM subjects (65% male, 35% female) with mean age of 53.16±7.95 years were studied. Although 73% of T2DM subjects were consuming diabetic diet, the good glycaemic control (HbA1c level <7%) was achieved only in 35% of the subjects. The majority (75%) of the subjects had a positive family history of diabetes, and 52% were obese. In 77%, the main source of dietary advice was doctor. In 36%, the main methods of cooking were: boiling and roasting. The final multivariate model showed that visit to dietician, level of education, intake of low fat, and family history of diabetes were independent predictors for diabetic diet consumption among T2DM subjects. However, longitudinal and cohort studies are required to establish the association between consumption of diabetic diet and glycaemic control.
ABSTRACT
The aim of this observational study was to describe the profile of subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus from Gujarat, India. The study was performed with newly-diagnosed 622 type 2 diabetic subjects who attended the Department of Diabetology, All India Institute of Diabetes and Research and Yash Diabetes Specialties Centre (Swasthya), Ahmedabad, during August 2006–January 2009. The subjects completed an interviewer- administered questionnaire. The questionnaire included variables, such as sociodemographic factors, presenting symptoms, risk profile (hypertension, obesity, dyslipidaemia, and glycaemic status), family history of diabetes, physical activity, and behavioural profile. Blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), glycosylated haemoglobin levels, and fasting lipid profile were measured. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were carried out using the SPSS software (version 11.5). In total, 622 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) cases with mean age of 47.7±10.9 years were studied. Of the 622 subjects, 384 (62%) were male. The majority (68%) of the T2DM subjects were obese, and 67% had a positive family history of diabetes. Renal dysfunctions and vision impairment were, respectively, found in 10% (n=62) and 9% (n=57) of the 622 T2DM subjects. The mean HbA1c level was 9.02±1.67%, and good glycaemic control (HbA1c level <7%) was achieved only in 7.4% of the T2DM subjects. Results of chi-square analysis showed that higher BMI (≥25 kg/m2) was significantly associated with hypertension among the T2DM subjects (p<0.01). There were significant differences (p<0.05) between male and female subjects with respect to mean age, BMI, waist- and hip-circumference, and mean low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level. The results revealed that many factors, such as obesity, family history of diabetes, dyslipidaemia, uncontrolled glycaemic status, sedentary lifestyles, and hypertension were prevalent among the T2DM subjects. The characterization of this risk profile will contribute to designing more effective and specific strategies for screening and controlling T2DM in Gujarat, India.